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In evaluating the effectiveness of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), which of the following might indicate that the client was developing MgSO4 toxicity?
A. A 31 patellar tendon reflex
B. Respirations of 12 breaths/min
C. Urine output of 40 mL/hr
D. A 21 proteinuria value
Correct Answer: B
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
(A) Diminished (not accentuated) patellar tendon reflex is a sign of developing MgSO4 toxicity. A value of 21 is considered a normal tendon reflex; 3+ is considered brisker than normal. (B) MgSO4 is a central nervous system (CNS) depressant. It also relaxes smooth muscle. If the respiratory rate is <16 bpm magnesium toxicity may be developing. (C) Urine output of 40mL/hr is enough to allow elimination of toxic levels of magnesium. Urinary output of <100 mL in a 4- hour period may result in toxic levels of magnesium. (D) Presence of protein in the urine is a symptom of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), a clinical syndrome for which magnesium sulfate is frequently used in medical management. Protein in the urine is not induced by magnesium sulfate intake.
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