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A 30-year-old client in the third trimester of her pregnancy asks the nurse for advice about upper respiratory discomforts. She complains of nasal stuffiness and epistaxis, most noticeable on the left side. Which reply by the nurse is correct?
A. "It sounds as though you are coming down with a bad cold. I’ll ask the doctor to prescribe a decongestant for relief of symptoms."
B. "A good vaporizer will help; avoid the cool air kind. Also, try saline nose drops, and spend less time on your left side."
C. "These discomforts are all a result of increased blood supply; one of the pregnancy hormones, estrogen, causes them."
D. "This is most unusual. I’m sure your obstetrician will want you to see an ENT (ear, nose, throat) specialist."
Correct Answer: C
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
(A) Decongestants may exaggerate the nasal stuffiness associated with pregnancy. Judicious use of decongestants and nasal sprays is advocated during pregnancy. (B) Cool air vaporizers and saline drops may help to relieve the nasal stuffiness. Positioning on either lateral side does not decrease nasal stuffiness or prevent epistaxis. (C) Increased estrogen levels result in nasal mucosa edema with subsequent nasal stuffiness. Estrogen also promotes vasodilation, which contributes to epistaxis. The nurse may recommend cool air vaporizers and saline drops to help with the nasal stuffiness. (D) Increased estrogen levels result in nasal mucosa edema with subsequent nasal stuffiness. Estrogen also promotes vasodilation discomforts associated with pregnancy.
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