Which of the following techniques does a vulnerability scanner use in order to detect a vulnerability on a target service?
A. Port scanning
B. Banner grabbing
C. Injecting arbitrary data
D. Analyzing service response
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Correct answer if it asks for Host: B
Correct answer if it asks for servce: D
Port scanning not an option as it cannot determine any vernulability on its own.
Banner Grabbing is the correct answer.
This is really a confused question, a vulnerability scanner use all these mechanisms to detect a vulnerability on a target service. an VS tool would do a port scanning first, then banner grabbing, review response from active service and maybe (with Web App Scanner) inject arbitrary data (for fuzzing or SQL injection testing or XSS injection testing, so on).
All of questions are correct for a comprehensive scanning tool.
This is wrong answer to detect the vulnerability you have to scan the ports first.